Name: 4th International Conference on Contagious Disease
Start: 2023-05-11
End: 2023-05-13
Location: Czech Republic

Renowned Speakers

We’ve invited the top most influential speakers from around the world to give inspirational talks and lead practical workshops.

Onugbo Nnenna Kalu Okomba

University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (UK) UK

Omar A Nafi

Mutah University, Jordan Jordan

Gamal M SAIED

Cairo University, Egypt Egypt

Abdelkhalek Hassan Younes

AlAzhar University, Egypt Egypt

Huang Wei Ling

Medical Acupuncture and Pain Management Clinic, Brazil Brazil

Mandy J. Hill

UT Health Medical School USA

Jun Li

Xinjiang Medical University China

Wei Huang

BD Life Sciences USA

Conference Information

Welcome Message

Contagious Diseases conference 2023 Welcomes you all!

We cordially invite you to "The 5th International Conference on Contagious Diseases" from May 11–13, 2023, on behalf of the Planning Committee.

"Novel approach of sculpting the contagious disease outbreaks in the world and epidemic control" were the theme of the conference. has been deliberately selected to commemorate such an important social milestone. Our long-term goal is to add even more value for people all across the world. This Contagious Disease conference will be an opportunity for us to discuss our ideas and design our future course to greater heights.

In acknowledgment of their outstanding contributions to the conference's subject, Young Researchers, Scientists, Young Investigators, Post-Graduate Students, Post-Doctoral Fellows, and Trainees are to be honoured with significant awards during the Contagious Diseases Conferences. The Young Scientist Awards try their best to give early career academicians the chance to grow professionally by giving them the resource of using meetings with specialists to modify and share their study on all components of Infection Diseases.

In this international gathering, surgeons from various scientific fields share their studies and engage in a dialogue with senior scientists about their findings. They will even interact with co-worker’s from around the world to expand their network, support management and control capabilities, and improve their analytical and research skills.

Join and explore!!
Regards
Organizing committee
Contagious Diseases conference 2023

About the Conference

Contagious Diseases conference 2023 is an outstanding forum to broaden your network by meeting scientists, authorities, and CROs from all around the world. It's a significant avenue to take advantage of the opportunity to promote your research interests by attending Contagious Diseases conference 2023. We eagerly anticipate your input and unwavering commitment to making Contagious Disease conference 2023 a grant success.

The focus of the conference is to address the “Novel strategies for surveillance against emerging contagious diseases.” Contagious Diseases conference 2023 will provide delegates from universities and institutions with an excellent opportunity to interact with world-class surgeons, laboratory professionals, Parasitology academics, researchers, and businesspeople. Our goal is to bring together famous speakers and link researchers and scientists from all around the world. We provide a forum for the sharing of ideas in most contagious diseases as well as the ability for researchers to think in several dimensions, which aids in the generation of novel ideas. It’s a splendid research conclave for highly contagious diseases happening on the current scenario.

Contagious Diseases conferences 2023 welcomes pathologists, R&D companies, PhD scholars, physicians, healthcare companies, medical equipment companies laboratory medicine societies, advertising companies, surgeons, researchers, scientists, business delegates, Laboratory Medicine institutions companies and clinics, Medical Colleges, Faculties, Associations, Diagnostics centres, Pharmaceutical Industries, Product development and marketing professionals, Healthcare Industries, Medical devices manufacturing companies.

Why Should You Participate?

Exchange knowledge between basic and clinical experts and infectious diseases specialists.
Learn about the latest insights and innovations.
The gathering of top scientists from different countries to determine the state of the research advancements on a particular subject or field.
Gain and share new ideas and best practices.
Provide young scientists with the opportunity to interact with senior scientists.

Target audience:

All scientists interested in the annual focus subject from virulence to clinical aspects are invited to attend. There is a special emphasis on young scientists who want to discuss in depth with senior scientists at this conference.

Conference Opportunities:

For Researchers and Faculty Members:

Speaker Presentations
Poster Display
Symposium hosting (4-5-member team)
Workshop organizing

For Universities, Associations & Societies:

Association Partnering
Collaboration proposals
Academic Partnering
Group Participation

For Students and Research Scholars:

Poster Competition (Winner gets Best Poster Award)
Young Researcher Forum (YRF Award to the exceptional presenter)
Student Attendee
Group registrations

For Business Delegates:

Speaker Presentations
Symposium hosting
Book Launch event
Networking opportunities
Audience participation

For Product Manufacturers:

Exhibitor and Vendor booths
Sponsorship’s opportunities
Product launch
Workshop organizing
Scientific Partnering
Marketing and Networking with clients

About Us

Contagious Diseases conference 2023 is an outstanding forum to broaden your network by meeting scientists, authorities, and CROs from all around the world. It's a significant avenue to take advantage of the opportunity to promote your research interests by attending Contagious Diseases conference 2023. We eagerly anticipate your input and unwavering commitment to making Contagious Diseases conference 2023 a grant success.

The focus of the conference is to address the “Novel strategies for surveillance against emerging contagious diseases.” Contagious Diseases conference 2023 will provide delegates from universities and institutions with an excellent opportunity to interact with world-class surgeons, laboratory professionals, pathologist academics, researchers, and businesspeople. Our goal is to bring together famous speakers and link researchers and scientists from all around the world. We provide a forum for the sharing of ideas in most contagious diseases as well as the ability for researchers to think in several dimensions, which aids in the generation of novel ideas. It’s a splendid research conclave for highly contagious diseases happening on the current scenario.

Contagious Diseases conference 2023 welcomes pathologists, R&D companies, PhD scholars, physicians, healthcare companies, medical equipment companies laboratory medicine societies, advertising companies, surgeons, researchers, scientists, business delegates, Laboratory Medicine institutions companies and clinics, Medical Colleges, Faculties, Associations, Diagnostics centres, Pharmaceutical Industries, Product development and marketing professionals, Healthcare Industries, Medical devices manufacturing companies.

Why Should You Participate?

Exchange knowledge between basic and clinical experts and infectious disease specialists.
Learn about the latest insights and innovations.
The gathering of top scientists from different countries to determine the state of the research advancements on a particular subject or field.
Gain and share new ideas and best practices.
Provide young scientists with the opportunity to interact with senior scientists.

Target audience:

Conference Opportunities:

For Researchers and Faculty Members:
Speaker Presentations
Poster Display
Symposium hosting (4-5-member team)
Workshop organizing

For Universities, Associations & Societies:

Association Partnering
Collaboration proposals
Academic Partnering
Group Participation

For Students and Research Scholars:

Poster Competition (Winner gets Best Poster Award)
Young Researcher Forum (YRF Award to the exceptional presenter)
Student Attendee
Group registrations
For Business Delegates:
Speaker Presentations
Symposium hosting
Book Launch event
Networking opportunities
Audience participation

For Product Manufacturers:

Exhibitor and Vendor booths
Sponsorship’s opportunities
Product launch
Workshop organizing
Scientific Partnering
Marketing and Networking with clients

Abstract Submission & Tracks

Abstracts can be submitted to any of the Scientific sessions of the Conference. The International Organizing Committee will evaluate Oral and Poster presentations based on the abstracts that have been approved.

Submit your Abstracts online https://contagiousdiseases.pulsusconference.com/abstract-submission

After the peer review process, you will be notified within 3-5 business days by e-mail about the acceptance/rejection of your Abstract submission

Contagious Diseases conference 2023 invites all the participants across the globe to attend International Conference on Contagious Diseases scheduled during May 11-13, 2023, in Chez, Republic. Contagious Diseases conference 2023 is a remarkable event that brings together a unique and international mix of large and medium Industries, leading Universities, and Research institutions making the conference an ideal venue for sharing knowledge, fostering cooperation between industry and academia, and evaluating innovative technology from around the world.

Please have a look at our Conference Tracks & Sessions to see if anything piques your interest.

Submit you’re Abstracts on…

Session 1: Infectious Diseases

Infections brought on by pathogenic microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungus are referred to as infectious diseases and can spread from one person to another either directly or indirectly (vector-borne). An infection is the spread of disease-causing microorganisms throughout the body tissues of an organism, as well as the host tissues' response to the infections and the toxins they produce. An infection-based illness is referred to as an infectious disease and is frequently transmissible or communicable. There are many different pathogens that can cause infections, but the most prevalent ones are bacteria and viruses. Hosts' immune systems can aid in the defence against disease. The innate, typically inflammatory response that mammals have in response to infections is followed by an adaptive response.

Influenza
Cryptosporidiosis
Vector-Borne Diseases
Legionnaires’ Disease
Human Metapneumovirus
Valley Fever
Antibiotic-Resistant Diseases
Immunity and Infectious Diseases

Associated Society: Society of Virology | American Association of Infectious Diseases Schools | Infectious Diseases Advancement Foundation | California Infectious Diseases Association | Chicago Infectious Diseases Association | Florida Infectious Diseases Association | National Contagious Diseases Association | American Society of Contagious Diseases| New Zealand Contagious Diseases Society | American Academy of Infectious Diseases | Infectious Diseases Society of Thailand | European Society for Communicable Diseases | International League for Infectious Diseases Societies

Session 2: Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)

Coronaviruses are a particular class of virus that can affect people and lead to respiratory conditions. The virus is known as "corona" because of the many spikes that resemble crowns on its surface. SARS, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and the common cold are all illnesses brought on by coronaviruses. Immune systems of hosts can help in the fight against disease. Mammalian hosts respond to infections with an innate, typically inflammatory, reaction that is followed by an adaptive response. Infectious disease is the area of medicine that deals with infections. Scientists are still baffled by COVID-19. What is known is that individuals with COVID-19 infection can spread the virus to others before they exhibit symptoms (when they are still "asymptomatic"). If you do develop symptoms, the CDC states that you are no longer contagious 10 days following the onset of your symptoms.

Diagnosis
Prevention
Management

Session 3: Research on Medicine and Vaccine for Covid-19

The COVID-19 virus has killed roughly 18 million people. To better understand, treat, and ultimately eradicate COVID-19 and the illness that it causes, researchers are working around-the-clock. The COVID-19 vaccine is being developed as soon as possible while upholding the strictest safety standards by WHO and its partners. Clinical trials normally include three phases, the last of which is intended to investigate the product's capacity to protect against disease, known as efficacy. Vaccines undergo numerous rounds of study and testing. The level of risk is evaluated at each stage. In the past, vaccines have been created via a series of steps that can take years to complete. Due to the urgent need for COVID-19 vaccinations, significant financial investments and scientific partnerships are currently changing the process of developing vaccines.

Antivirals
Vaccines
Clinical Trials

Session 4: Bacterial Infectious Diseases

Bacteria are minute, single-celled creatures that are virtually ubiquitous. Every climate and geographic region of the world has bacteria. While some creatures live in the air, others are found in the water or the ground. Plants, animals, and people all contain bacteria on and within them. Despite the negative connotation attached to the word "bacteria," both organisms and the environment depend on bacteria. When a dangerous strain of bacteria grows on or inside the body, it becomes infected. Any portion of the body can become infected by bacteria. Depending on what area of the body is infected, several signs and symptoms of a bacterial or viral infection exist. Both conditions occasionally have extremely similar symptoms.

Bacterial Ecology
Pathogenic Bacteria
Bacterial Toxins
Bacterial Genomics
Bacteraemia
Bacterial Diseases
Immunology
Bacteriology
Anthrax
Biological Weapons
Etiology, Pathology, And Pathophysiology
Causative Agents of Infectious Diseases

Session 5: Parasitology & Infectious Diseases

Parasites are organisms that feed on and survive off of other organisms, including your body. They can be acquired by sexual contact, contaminated water or food, or even an insect bite. While some parasite infections are straightforward to treat, others are difficult. The size of parasites can range from tiny protozoa, which are one-celled organisms, to big, observable worms. Infecting humans are parasitic parasites known as human parasites. Plants and warm-blooded animals are not exempt from the effects of parasitic infections. The study of parasitic illnesses, as well as those brought on by fungi and bacteria, is known as parasitology.

Microorganisms, usually referred to as germs, are present in the air, soil, and water. You can find germs in your body and on your skin. A lot of them are risk-free, and a few of them might even be helpful. Some of them, nevertheless, have the capacity to make you ill. infectious diseases caused by microbes.

Medical parasitology
Immunology and Host Specificity
Ecology and Epidemiology
Control of Parasitic Disease

Session 6: Causes and Symptoms of Infectious Diseases

Bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic infections that cause sickness. A wide range of species call our body home. They are typically benign or even helpful. But in some situations, some bacteria can make people sick. It is possible for some infectious diseases to transmit from one person to another and are contagious. Numerous diseases can be carried by insects and other animals. Others can be acquired by ingesting contaminated food or water, or by being exposed to environmental organisms. Common signs and symptoms of infection include fever and tiredness, though they might differ depending on the organism that is causing the infection.

Communicable Diseases
Public Health and Prevention
Diagnosis
Causes and Symptoms
Disease Eradication

Session 7: Vaccines and Vaccination

A quick, safe, and effective way to safeguard oneself against dangerous infections is through vaccination. By utilising your body's natural defences to develop resistance to particular diseases, it helps to boost your immune system. The same way your immune system produces antibodies when you are exposed to a disease, vaccinations instruct it to do so. On the other hand, since vaccines only include weakened or destroyed versions of pathogens like viruses or bacteria, they do not spread disease or put you at risk of consequences. Your risk of catching a disease is reduced because to how vaccines work in conjunction with your body's natural defences to provide protection. You experience an immunological response after receiving a vaccination. As a result, vaccinations are a clever and secure way to stimulate the immune system without really making people sick. Our immune systems are wired to remember details. After receiving one or more doses of a vaccine, we are typically protected against a disease for years, decades, or even our entire lives

Vaccine Research & Development
Human Vaccines - Infectious Diseases & Non-Infectious Diseases
Cancer and Immunotherapy Vaccines
HIV Vaccines
Veterinary Vaccines
Vaccine Adjuvants
Pediatric Vaccines
Plant Based Vaccines

Session 8: Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Children can contract paediatric infectious disorders, which are contagious illnesses. An infectious diseases specialist is qualified to identify and treat children from infancy through puberty if they become ill persistently as a result of an infectious pathogen. The effects of developmental changes that take place during pregnancy, labour, early childhood, and adolescence will result in the paediatric population using drugs more logically, safely, and effectively. Paediatric infectious diseases specialists address problems of the immune system brought on by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Other paediatric infectious diseases experts are sought for infections that are more complicated.

Transplant Infections
Severe and Complicated Infections
Tetanus and Polio
Streptococcal Pharyngitis
Scarlet Fever
Campylobacteriosis
Osteomyelitis
Chickenpox and Shigellosis
Recurrent and Resistant Infections
Bone and Joint Infections
Heart Infections
GI and Urinary Tract Infections
Fevers of Unknown Origins

Session 9: Viral Infectious Diseases

Viruses are tiny microbes. They are composed of protein-coated genetic material. Common infectious diseases including the common cold, the flu, and warts are brought on by viruses. Additionally, they carry infections including COVID-19, Ebola, and HIV/AIDS. Viruses operate in a manner similar to hijackers. They infect healthy cells and use them to multiply and create further viruses that are similar to themselves. Your cells may be killed, damaged, or altered as a result, making you sick. Viruses attack certain cells in your body, such as those in your blood, liver, and respiratory system. One of the most prevalent illnesses in man is viral infections. Children are expected to experience two to seven respiratory illnesses annually, compared to adults who experience one to three such bouts.

Airborne Disease
Biological Contamination
Blood-borne Disease
Clinical Bacteriology
Clinical Mycology
Clinical Virology
Coinfection
Emerging and Re-emerging Viral infections

Session 10: Veterinary Diseases

Animal sickness is a change in an animal's regular state that disrupts or modifies important functions. Early religious and magical beliefs reflect a concern about animal diseases that dates back to when humans first interacted with other animals. Animal diseases still cause financial losses and pose a risk of spreading the agents that cause them to humans, thus they are a subject of concern. Veterinarian medicine refers to the field of medicine that focuses on the identification, management, and prevention of illnesses in animals. Veterinarians are responsible for the diagnosis, care, and prevention of disease in sick and injured animals as well as the advice given to owners about how to properly care for their pets. The terms "health" and "wellness" are used in veterinary medicine

Biomarker Identification and Novel Diagnostic Tools
Epidemiology of Animal and Zoonotic Diseases
Etiological Agents for Animal Diseases
Host Tropism and Transboundary Spread
Immunology and Host-Pathogen Interactions
New and Re-Emerging Animal Diseases
Pathogenesis and Biology
Vaccines and Prevention Strategies for Animal Diseases
Zoonotic Pathogens

Session 11: Fungal Infectious Diseases

In addition to the air, soil, water, and plants, fungi can also survive in other settings. The human body contains some fungus in its normal state. Just like there are advantageous and harmful microbes, there are advantageous and harmful fungi. Since they can survive in the environment and reinfect the person who is trying to recover, pathogenic fungi that infest the body might be challenging to get rid of. Fungi-based infections are common in many aspects of the natural world. Humans get fungus infections when an invasive fungus overpowers the immune system and takes over a part of the body. A fungal infection can strike anyone at any time, and it can develop anywhere on the body.

Antifungal Agents
Antifungal Resistance
Effect of Fungal Infections in Humans
Diagnosis and Management of Fungal Infections
Fungal Infections in Plants and Animals

Session 12: Tropical Infectious Diseases

The hot, muggy climate of the tropics is ideal for tropical illnesses. They are caused by viruses, bacteria, and parasites, and they are transmitted through sexual contact, infected food, and water sources. Tropical illnesses can be transferred by insects or other animals through bug bites. The poorest nations in the world are plagued by neglected tropical illnesses, which impact over 1.4 billion people in 149 countries. They cost developing nations billions of dollars annually. Diseases are less prevalent in temperate locations in part because there is a cold season, which drives insects into hibernation and reduces bug numbers. Such illnesses have become more prevalent as a result of human exploration of tropical rainforests, deforestation, increased immigration, increased international air travel, and other forms of tourism in tropical areas.

Immunizations for TID's
Diagnosis of Immunizations for TID's
Neglected Tropical Diseases
Tropical Medicine and Health
Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases

Session 13: STD and HIV Infection

A sexually transmitted disease is referred to as an STD. An alternative name for STDs is sexually transmitted diseases (STIs). STDs are sexually transmitted infections that can spread from one person to another through anal, vaginal, or oral intercourse. STDs are caused by viruses, parasites, and bacteria. Blood, sperm, vaginal secretions, and other bodily fluids are all ways that the bacteria, viruses, and parasites that cause sexually transmitted illnesses can pass from one person to another. The transmission of these illnesses from mother to child can occasionally occur outside of sexual relationships, such as during pregnancy or childbirth, blood transfusions, or the sharing of needles.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a virus that impairs the body's immune system, increasing a person's susceptibility to various illnesses and infections. The virus is communicated through contact with specific body fluids of an HIV-positive person, most frequently during unprotected intercourse (sex without the use of a condom or HIV prevention or therapy), or by sharing injectable drug equipment. HIV can develop into AIDS if it is not treated (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome).

Transmission
Prevention
Diagnosis
Natural History
Treatment of Infections
Sexual Transmission
Sexual Health

Session 14: Infectious Diseases Prevention, Control and Cure

Infectious diseases can spread from person to person and are caused by microorganisms like viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Despite the fact that infectious disease is an unavoidable aspect of life, there are numerous methods that may be used to prevent infection and treat disease once it has developed. Some basic actions can be taken by individuals, whilst other detection, prevention, and treatment measures are national or international in scope. All are essential to the wellbeing and security of people in localities, countries, and around the world. To stop illnesses from spreading from one person to another, such as from a healthcare worker to a patient or vice versa, infection control practises are crucial. Various methods for preventing and managing the transmission of infection are referred to as infection control in the domains of health care and public health.

Handwashing
Asepsis
Disinfection Methods
Reduce Number of Sex Partners
Abstinence
Early Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases
Standard Environmental Cleaning
Sterilization Methods

Session 15: Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation

Your body employs the immune response to identify and protect itself against bacteria, viruses, and other potentially hazardous substances. The immune system responds to antigens and recognises them, protecting the body against potentially harmful compounds. Antigens are often protein-based molecules found on the surfaces of cells, viruses, fungi, and bacteria. Non-living things including toxins, chemicals, drugs, and foreign substances are examples of antigens (such as a splinter). The immune system recognises substances containing antigens and either destroys or attempts to destroy them. One of the main methods for alerting the immune system is inflammation, but when this mechanism is interfered with, a long-lasting chronic inflammation forms that is probably damaging to the host. There is an imbalance of inflammatory substances in the blood.

Allergy
Autoimmunity
Cellular and Molecular Immunology
Cellular Microbiology
Clinical Immunology
Host Resistance
Imaging
Immune Development
Immune Signalling
Immunochemistry
Immunogenetics
Mathematical Modelling
Molecular Pathogenesis
Transplantation Immunology
Virulence Factors

Session 16: Pharmacology of Infectious Diseases

A drug is any synthetic, natural, or endogenous (originating from inside the body) molecule that affects a cell, tissue, organ, or organism biochemically or physiologically. Pharmacology is a subfield of medicine, biology, and pharmaceutical sciences that studies how drugs or medications work (sometimes the word pharmakon is used as a term to encompass these endogenous and exogenous bioactive species). It is the study of how substances affect either healthy or unhealthy biochemical function in living things. Pharmaceuticals are substances that have healing properties. The two main subfields of pharmacology are pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. While pharmacokinetics studies a drug's effects on biological systems, pharmacodynamics examines how a drug interacts with those systems.

Mechanisms of Drug Action
Novel Cellular Drug Targets
Pathways for Drug Entry
Drug Resistance
Mechanistic and Phenotypic Screens for Anti-Infectious Agents
Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacokinetics

Session 17: Internal Medicine for Infectious Diseases

A doctor who specialises in internal medicine is called an internist, also known as an internal medicine physician. Preventing, diagnosing, and treating illnesses and injuries is the main focus of internal medicine. Specialists in internal medicine are trained to identify and treat common diseases, acute and chronic illnesses, and challenging diagnostic problems. While they may have additional training in subspecialties like infectious diseases, internal medicine practitioners focus on treating individuals within general medicine. Internal medicine specialty known as infectious disease medicine concentrates on the identification and management of infections. Infectious disease internists are frequently called upon to assist in the diagnosis of unidentified illnesses and manage challenging, unusual, or severe infections, even though general internists and other speciality doctors treat the bulk of infections. A good understanding of infectious disease medicine is required.

Adolescent Medicine
Adult Immunization
Internal Medicine and Critical Care
Telemedicine
Internal Medicine and Clinical trials

Session 18: Clinical and Case Reports

Clinical Case Studies and Reports focus on the study of a single condition or a collection of linked disorders, as well as the critical analysis of such disorders. Because the study may be lengthy, several phases and changes can be described and documented. If these Clinical Case Studies and Reports were properly documented, researchers, doctors, and students would be able to investigate these fascinating cases and assess how the therapy was applied theoretically.

An exhaustive account of a patient's symptoms, signs, diagnosis, therapy, and follow-up is called a case report in medicine. Case reports may include a patient's demographic information, even though they often cover an unique or original incidence. Some case reports may contain a review of related literature regarding previously reported cases.

Medicine and Clinical trials
Vaccine
New drug formulation

Session 19: Blood Infectious Diseases

Bloodborne infections are caused by microorganisms like viruses or bacteria that can infect humans and spread through the bloodstream. Among the numerous bloodborne illnesses include brucellosis, syphilis, malaria, Hepatitis B (HBV), Hepatitis C (HCV), and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Bloodborne illnesses like HBV and HIV can be spread by coming into contact with infected human blood or other potentially contagious body fluids. Through a variety of channels, such as blood transfusions, sexual contact, open wounds, mucosal membranes, and other routes, these viruses can transmit from one person to another. Health care workers are susceptible to acquiring blood-borne diseases (HCWs).

Blood Disorders
Contamination of Blood Products
Sepsis
Infections affecting White Blood Cells
Blood Transfusion

Session 20: Antimicrobials/Antibiotics/Antibacterial

Antimicrobial agents either kill or slow down microorganisms. Microorganisms include bacteria, viruses, protozoans, and fungi like mould and mildew. A substance that kills or prevents the growth of germs is known as an antibiotic. The germs that antimicrobial medications are most effective against are used to categorise them. For instance, whereas fungi are treated with antifungals, bacteria are treated with antibiotics. They can also be grouped according to how they serve. Bacteriostatic treatments just prevent germs from growing, whereas microbicides simply kill them.

Drugs that kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria are known as antibiotics, sometimes known as antibacterial. They consist of a wide range of strong drugs that are employed in the treatment of microbiological illnesses. Antibiotics have no effect on viral infections like the common cold, the flu, or the majority of coughs. When used properly, antibiotics are powerful drugs that fight diseases and can even save lives. They either destroy bacteria or stop them from growing.

Antiviral Agents
Antiparasitic Agents
Antibacterial Agents
Antifungal Agents
Discovery of New Antibiotics
Mechanisms of Action and Resistance-Development of Antibiotics

Session 21: Ebola and Zika Viral Infections

Ebola virus disease (EVD), also known as Ebola haemorrhagic fever in humans and other primates, is a serious, frequently fatal sickness. Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is a devastating disease that affects both humans and nonhuman primates. After becoming infected with the virus, symptoms often appear two to three weeks later. Fever, sore throat, muscle soreness, and headaches are generally the first signs. Vomiting, diarrhoea, dermatitis, and reduced liver and renal function are common side effects, and some people bleed internally and externally as a result. The disease kills between 25% and 90% of people affected, with an average death rate of 50%. The most common cause of death is shock from fluid loss, which happens six to 16 days after the first symptoms show. Direct contact with infected body fluids, such as blood from infected humans or other animals, or contact with items that have recently been contaminated with infected body fluids, is how the virus spreads.

Zika virus disease is caused by a virus that is mostly transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes that bite during the day. Fever, rash, conjunctivitis, muscle and joint discomfort, malaise, and headache are all common symptoms. The symptoms usually persist 2–7 days. The majority of those infected with the Zika virus do not experience any symptoms. In Africa, the Americas, Asia, and the Pacific, Zika virus outbreaks have been reported.

Outbreak
Epidemiology
Transmission
Pathological Action
Treatment

Session 22: Non communicable Diseases

Chronic diseases, also known as noncommunicable diseases, are long-term diseases caused by a combination of genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioural factors. Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) claim the lives of 41 million people each year, accounting for 71% of all deaths worldwide. More than 15 million people between the ages of 30 and 69 die each year from an NCD, with 85 percent of these "premature" deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Low- and middle-income nations account for 77% of all NCD mortality. Tobacco use, physical inactivity, an unhealthy diet, and the harmful use of alcohol are all modifiable behaviours that increase the risk of NCDs. Although NCDs cause the majority of morbidity and mortality in adults, risk factors are introduced early in life. As a result, NCDs and their risk factors are extremely important to young people. NCDs are rapidly spreading over the world and have reached epidemic levels in many countries, owing to globalisation, industrialisation, and growing urbanization, as well as demographic and lifestyle changes.

Immune Disorders
Hormonal Disorders
Metabolic Disorders
Socioeconomic Impact
Metabolic Risk Factors
Modifiable Behavioural Risk Factors
Prevention and Control of NCD

Session 23: Market Analysis of Infectious Diseases

The market for diagnostics for infectious diseases is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 7.2% from USD 28.1 billion in 2021 to USD 39.8 billion in 2026. The rise in early illness detection awareness, the shift in emphasis from centralised laboratories to distributed POC testing, the global prevalence of infectious diseases, the advent of COVID-19, and technological advancements are all contributing to the market's expansion. The frequency of infectious diseases in developed and emerging countries will fuel the market's expansion for infectious disease diagnostics. The detection and treatment of such ailments is the cause of the increased need for diagnostic testing for infectious diseases. These elements, along with the rising trend toward preventative treatment, are anticipated to raise demand for infectious illness during the projection period.

Session 24: Critical Care and its Applications

By obtaining, discussing, disseminating, and promoting evidence-based material important to intensivists, Critical Care aspires to enhance the care of critically ill patients. Patients who are critically ill require extensive treatment from a multidisciplinary team. The medical specialty of intensive care assists patients whose lives are in immediate danger, such as when a vital organ like the heart, liver, lungs, kidneys, or nervous system is compromised. The length of a patient's stay in intensive care varies depending on their health and might range from a few hours to several weeks, if not months. Intensive care is frequently misunderstood as a passing fancy, which is sometimes accurate. It is also a long-term specialty for many patients who will be in the services for several days, if not weeks, to allow the organ damage to heal and the patient to be transferred to another service with a lower degree of care.

Market analysis

Market analysis

The market for diagnostics for infectious disorders is expected to grow from $16.57 billion in 2020 to $ 35.78 billion in 2029, at a CAGR of 6.7%. A few of the factors driving the expansion of this market include the rising prevalence of infectious diseases worldwide, the shift away from integrated labs toward decentralised point-of-care testing, and improvements in funding for inquiries into infectious disorder diagnostics.

The infectious illness market is anticipated to grow with a CAGR of 4percent from 2019 to 2023, but more often than the typical prescription medicine market, where a CAGR of 8% is typical in a similar period. The primary growth driver, the Hf topoisomerase ii inhibitor class, is anticipated to generate $9.5 billion more in sales in 2023 than in 2020 because to the use of combination therapies from Gilead and GlaxoSmithKline. Pneumococcal vaccines and polyvalent immunoglobulin are expected to be the second and third-largest therapies, with revenues of $10.7 billion and $9 billion in 2023, respectively.

Market analysis

The market for diagnostics for infectious diseases is expected to grow from $16.57 billion in 2020 to $ 35.78 billion in 2029, at a CAGR of 6.7%. A few of the factors driving the expansion of this market include the rising prevalence of infectious diseases worldwide, the shift away from integrated labs toward decentralised point-of-care testing, and improvements in funding for inquiries into infectious disorder diagnostics.

The infectious disease market is anticipated to grow with a CAGR of 4percent from 2019 to 2023, but more often than the typical prescription medicine market, where a CAGR of 8% is typical in a similar period. The primary growth driver, the Hf topoisomerase ii inhibitor class, is anticipated to generate $9.5 billion more in sales in 2023 than in 2020 because to the use of combination therapies from Gilead and GlaxoSmithKline. Pneumococcal vaccines and polyvalent immunoglobulin are expected to be the second and third-largest therapies, with revenues of $10.7 billion and $9 billion in 2023, respectively.

Infectious diseases like severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), Ebola, chikungunya, avian flu, swine flu, and Zika have a greater epidemiological burden, which has made them easier to detect and stop before they spread. Similar to how the current COVID-19 pandemic outbreak has significantly increased the market for various POC diagnostic kits, early coronavirus diagnosis, and coronavirus control are all key goals.

Furthermore, the shift in emphasis from centralised laboratories to decentralised point-of-care testing services and the increased funding for research on infectious disease diagnostics are anticipated to fuel the expansion of the worldwide infectious disease diagnostics market. However, a poor reimbursement environment is anticipated to impede the market's expansion for infectious illness diagnostics.

Impact of COVID-19 on Infectious Disease Diagnostics Market

Due to the increasing burden of contagious diseases and hospital acquired infections around the world, there is a greater need for diagnostics for infectious diseases. A number of foreign regions have been devastated by the latest coronavirus infection (COVID-19) outbreak, which first surfaced in Wuhan, China in November 2019. According to the WHO, there were 4,962,707 confirmed cases and 3,26,459 confirmed fatalities globally as of May 22, 2020, up from 3,073,603 confirmed cases and 2,11,768 confirmed deaths as of April 28, 2020. Despite the fact that a large number of dedicated healthcare professionals are working tirelessly on the front lines to tackle this catastrophe, it's equally important to stop the spread of sickness by getting a diagnosis as soon as possible. Since the disease initially arose in November 2019, it has spread to several countries across the globe. Testing is one of the best ways to comprehend and manage the coronavirus epidemic. In response to the growing COVID-19 epidemic and limits of laboratory-based molecular testing capacity and reagents, numerous diagnostic test makers have developed and begun offering quick and easy-to-use devices to assist testing outside of laboratory settings. These simple test kits are based either on the detection of COVID-19 viral proteins in respiratory samples (such as sputum or throat swabs) or the identification of human antibodies produced in response to infection in blood or serum. Organizations from all around the world, including the Forum and its partners, are collaborating, and innovating to decrease the impact on public health and avoid significant disruptions to companies and supply chains. The following companies and organisations are involved in some of the most significant projects:

As part of a global effort to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, European governments have given approximately €7 billion in early funding.

Since the start of the coronavirus pandemic, Novo Nordisk Foundation, a partner of the World Economic Forum, has adopted a creative strategy to invest millions in research and development that would equip Denmark for future viral epidemics. Test entry Denmark has received funding from the Novo Nordisk Foundation to conduct up to 3 million tests.

The powerhouse in global technology, Cisco Systems, has pledged $225 million to the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic.

In order to lessen the effects of COVID-19 across India, Infosys, a Strategic Partner of the Forum, has committed $13.6 million (INR 100 crore) in funding for hospital capacity treatment, ventilators, testing kits, and protective gear for frontline health workers.

The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) granted a commercial licence to Mylab Discovery Solutions (India), a molecular diagnostics business, for their PathoDetect COVID-19 Qualitative PCR kit. In order to expedite coronavirus diagnosis testing across India, the government is importing Covid-19 kits from Germany. The recent approval of Mylab and German's Altona diagnostics contributes to increasing the capacity for Covid-19 testing and easing the kit supply problem.

The European Institute of Innovation & Technology (EIT) Health has announced grants for 15 health innovation initiatives across Europe totaling over $7.69 million (7 million euros) to fight COVID-19. The initiatives will concentrate on quick and significant fixes for better pandemic navigational tools, i.e. the diagnostic tests.

Similar to Abbott Laboratories, Danaher Corporation, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Becton, Dickinson and Company, DiaSorin S.p.A., Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Accurate Diagnostic Labs, and Mylab Discovery Solutions, some of the major players in this market have created a variety of diagnostic kits for the early detection of COVID-19 in March and April 2020.

Analysis of the Czech health system

The performance of the Czech healthcare system is examined together with recent changes in the system's structure and administration, financing, delivery of healthcare, and reforms. The Czech Republic's healthcare system is based on mandatory statutory health insurance, which in 2012 cost 7.7% of GDP, significantly less than the EU average, while offering almost universal coverage and a wide range of benefits, 85% of which were paid for by the government. Some crucial health metrics, like mortality from respiratory diseases, are better than EU averages or even among the best in the world (in terms of infant mortality, for example). On the other hand, a number of health care use rates, including outpatient visits and average length of stay in acute care hospitals, are significantly higher than the EU norm, including mortality rates for malignant neoplasms and circulatory system disorders. In conclusion, the Czech Republic has a lot of room to grow in terms of efficiency and health outcomes. After the global financial crisis, the necessity for reform to maintain the system's financial stability also re-emerged, but there is still no agreement on how to proceed.

With a population of 10.5 million, the Czech Republic is a landlocked nation in central Europe bordered by Germany, Poland, Slovakia, and Austria. The nation's economy outperformed other post-communist European Union (EU) Member States after the Velvet Revolution in 1989, and it is currently one of the most developed. The current global financial crisis, however, had a significant influence on the Czech economy, causing a 4.5% decline in GDP in 2009 and an increase in public debt. Since then, performance has been inconsistent; the robust manufacturing sector in the Czech Republic helped to stabilise the economy in 2010–2011, but in 2012–2013, economic output once more decreased. The Czech economy expanded by 2.4% of GDP once more in 2014, and it is anticipated to grow by 2.7% of GDP in 2015. At 75.1 years for men and 81.3 years for women, the life expectancy in the Czech Republic is rising and is now higher than the averages for the EU13 Member States (72.1 years for men and 79.9 years for women), but still lower than the averages for the EU15, which were 78.8 years for men and 84.1 years for women in 2011. In comparison to an EU average of 4 in 2011, the infant mortality rate in 2012 was among the lowest in the world with 2.6 deaths per 1000 live births. The most common causes of mortality are cardiovascular ailments, followed by respiratory illnesses, malignant neoplasms, and external causes. In the Czech Republic, risk factors for circulatory system disease include chronically high smoking rates and a reasonably high incidence of alcohol intake. In addition, teenagers' rates of drinking and smoking are startlingly high when compared to those in other OECD nations.

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